g]kfn / skmLsf] lgof{t Jofkf/

skmLsf] cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/ cj:yf

skmLn] clk|msfdf h/f uf8]/ o;sf] lj:tf/} ;+;f/sf] cGo dxfb]zdf km}n]/ uof] . jt{dfgdf skmL dWo tyf Nofl6g cd]l/sfsf] e"dWo /]vfsf If]qx?df, clk|msf, blIf0f Plzof, tyf ef/tdf Hofbt/ v]tL ul/G5 . a|flhn ;a}eGbf 7"nf] skmL pTkfbs xf] hxfF ljZjsf] s/Lj %) k|ltzt skmL pTkfbg x'g] ub{5 h; kZrft leotgfd / sf]nf]lDaof x'g\ . leotgfd /f]a:6f hftsf skmL bfgfsf] ljZjdf cu|0fL pTkfbs x'g\ . cfhsf lbgdf cGo cu|0fL skmL pTkfbs b]zx? Olyof]lkof, xf]G8'/;, k]?, Ujf6]dfnf, d]lS;sf], lgsf/fu'cf, Pn ;fNef8f]/ / sf]:6fl/sf x'g\ .

cGt/f{li6«o skmL ;+u7g -ICO]_ sf cg';f/ ;g\ @)!(÷@) df ljZjdf cGbfhL !^ s/f]8 *) nfv ! xhf/ Jofu[1] skmL pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . a|flhn xl/of] skmL tyf 3'ngzLn skmLsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] lgof{tstf{ xf] eg] d]lS;sf] e'6]sf] skmLsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] lgof{ts xf] . skmL cfoftsf] dfdnfdf ;+o"Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, hd{gL, O6fnL, a]lNhod / hfkfg cu|0fL cfoftstf{ x'g\ . tflnsf ! / tflnsf @ n] ljZjdf skmLsf] cfoft / lgof{tsf k|d'v b]zx?sf ?kdf k|ltljlDat ub{5g\ .

Tfflnsf !M ;g\ @)@) df k|d'v !) ljZjJofkL skmL cfoftstf{x? -cfofltt d'Nodf_

;||f]t M cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/ s]Gb| -ITC_

Tfflnsf @M ;g\ @)@) df k|d'v !) ljZjJofkL skmL lgof{tstf{x? -cfofltt d'Nodf_

;||f]t M cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/ s]Gb| -ITC_

skmLsf] pkef]u tyf o"/f]k]nL ;+3df skmLsf] ahf/

cGt/f{li6«o skmL ;+u7gn] k|bfg ul/Psf] tYofÍ cg';f/, ;g\ @)@)÷@! Df o"/f]k]nL ;+3 -O{o"_ n] ljZjJofkL skmL pkef]usf] nueu ## k|ltzt lx:;f cf]u6]sf] 5, h;sf/0f O{o" ;a}eGbf 7"nf] cfofotstf{ / ljZjdf skmLsf] nflu Ps k|fylds ahf/ ag]sf] 5 . O{o" leq hd{gLdf ;a}eGbf 7"nf] cfotgdf skmL ljqmL x'g] ub{5 eg] o;sf] cnfjf cGo O{o" /fi6«x?df /fd|} pkef]u ub{5 h:t}M k|mfG; / O6fnLdf dfq} hDdf ljZj ahf/sf] cf}ift ^÷^ k|ltztsf b/n] pkef]u x'g] ub{5 . To;} u/L o"/f]k]nL gful/sn] k|lt jif{ k|lt JoQmL % s]hL skmL pkef]u ub{5 . o; dfunfO{ k"/f ug{ O{o"n] ;g\ @)!( df % s/f]8 emf]nf skmL cfoft u/]sf] 5 h'g To;sf] !) jif{ k"j{eGbf s/Lj !$ k|ltzt[2] a9L xf] .

g]kfnsf] skmL Jofkf/sf] cj:yf – jt{dfg / ;Defjgf

g]kfnddf skmL v]tLsf] O{ltxf; ljut s]xL bzs klxn] z'? ePsf] xf] / o; Joj;foLnfO{ 7"nf] cfsf/ lbg cem} afFsL 5 . xfn g]kfndf o;sf] yf]/} kl/df0fdf ljleGg lhNnfx?df 5/k:6 t/Lsfaf6 v]tL ul/Psf] 5 .

skmL v]tLsf] nflu ;d'b|L ;txaf6 ^)) ld= b]lv !@)) ld=, !% b]lv @% l8u|L ;]lG6u|]8 tyf &) b]lv *) k|ltzt ;fk]lIfs cfb|{tf / jflif{s jiff{ ^)) b]lv @%)) ld=ld= pQd dflgG5 . g]kfnsf] dWo kxfl8 If]qsf] :ynsf] cj:yf tyf hnjfo' of] cj:yf k|bfg ub{5 . o; afx]s skmL /f]kgsf] nflu cg's"n 3fdsf] pHofnf] sd ePsf] pQ/L lbzf kms]{sf] df}h'bf le/fnf] kxf8L hldgsf] k|z:t dfqf ePsf] sf/0f g]kfnL ls;fgx?nfO{ skmL lj?jfx? x'sf{pg tyf  skmLsf] ljleGg r/0fsf] d'No >[+vnfx?df  ;+nUgtf /xL Joj;fo ug{ tyf lgof{t Jofkf/sf] cj;/ k|fKt ub{5 .

xfn g]kfndf c/]lasf / /f]a:6f u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf] skmL v]tL ul/G5 . g]kfnL skmL dflyNnf] prfO{df tyf e"dWo /]vfeGbf pQ/ / blIf0f cjl:yt ss{6 / ds/sf] k]6L -cIff+z @#) eGbf k/_ af6 6f9f pAhfO{Psf] x'gfn] o;sf] ljlzi6 :jfb, ;'uGw / cfsf/ -bfgf_ /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL skmL h}ljs pTkfbg / :jR5 Jofkf/sf] j:t' xf] h;nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df ljlzi6 / clåtLo skmLsf] ?kdf :jLs/ ul/Psf] 5 .

lrq !       ;g\ !((% b]lv @)!( ;Dd g]kfndf xl/of] skmLsf] pTkfbg cj:yf -6g_

Dflysf] b[li6sf]0f tyf g]kfnL skmLsf] k|lt:kwL{ Ifdtfdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] u'NdL lhNnf -hxfF klxnf] skmL /f]k0f z'? ePsf] lyof]_ nfO{ h}ljs skmL /f]k0fsf] nflu 5gf}6 ul/of] eg] skmL pTkfbgsf dxTjk"0f{ b'O{ l5d]sL lhNnfx? kfNkf tyf :of+UhfnfO{ ljlzi6 k|hfltsf skmL pTkfbg ug{sf nflu 5gf}6 ul/Psf] 5 .  o;} u/L g]kfnsf] $@ dWo–kxfl8 lhNnfx?dWo] !% lhNnfx?df ;+ul7t tyf @& lhNnfx?df c;+ul7t ?kdf jlu{s[t ul/Psf] 5 hxfF v]t:t/df ;'xfpFbf] pTk|]/0ffTds skmL /f]k0f sfo{qmdx? ckgfPsf] 5 .

Tflnsf @        ;g\ @)!*÷!( df lhNnfut skmL pTkfbg tyf If]q

;|f]t M g]kfn lrof tyf skmL ljsf; ;ldlt 

g]kfnsf] !% ;Defljt lgof{tof]Uo j:t'x?sf] ;"lrdf g]kfn Plss[t Jofkf/ /0fgLlt -Pgl6cfO{P;_, @)!) sf] ;+:s/0fdf If]qut–ljlzi6 sfo{sf] sfof{Gjogdf ;fd]n ePsf] g]kfnL skmL Pgl6cfO{P;, @)!^ sf] bf];|f] ;+:s/0fdf ;DefJo lgof{t j:t'sf] ;"lraf6 x6fof] . oBkL Pgl6cfO{P; @)!) n] klxrfg ul/Psf] If]q–ljz]if sfo{x?sf] Pgl6cfO{P; @)!^ df k|fyldstfsf] ;"lrdf ;fd]n geP tfklg "skmL" ;lxt cGo lgof{t If]qsf j:t'x?sf] ;"lrdf /x]sf] 5 h;sf] ljsf;sf] nflu gofF / nuftf/ Wofgof]Uo /x]sf] 5 .   

lrq @         g]kfndf skmLsf] d'No >[+vnfsf] gSzf

;|f]t M g]kfn /fli6«o skmL lgof{t /0fgLlt @)!&–@)@!

g]kfndf skmLsf] pTklQsf] 5f]6f] Oltxf;sf] afjh'b klg ljZj ahf/df o;af6 cfh{gsf] y}nLsf] l;h{gf u/]sf] 5 oBkL o;sf] lgof{t kl/df0f kof{Kt ePsf] 5}g . sd kl/df0fdf g]kfnL skmL pTkfbg / ahf/ ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ;xL pkof]usf] sdLn] ubf{ o;sf] k|lt:kwL{ Ifdtf tyf lgof{t ;Defjgfsf] xb / ;xL kl/df0fsf] k/LIf0f ePsf] 5}g .

tflnsf #      ljut % jif{df g]kfnaf6 jflif{s skmL lgof{t kl/df0f -?=_

;|f]t M Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|

                        Tfflnsf $ ;g\ @)@) df b]zut g]kfnaf6 skmL -ge'6]sf] tyf Soflkmg glgsfn]sf]_ lgof{t

-k|d'v !) uGtJo ahf/_

;|f]t M Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|

skmL lgof{tstf{x?nfO{ k|f]T;fxg M cfly{s jif{ @)@!÷@@ sf] ;+3Lo ah]6df k|zf]lwt skmLsf] lgof{tdf % k|ltzt gub cg'bfg k|fjwfg 5 .

g]kfndf ljlzi6 skmLsf] cj:yf

g]kfnLx?dfem ljut s]xL bzsaf6 nf]slk|o skmL kof{j/0fLo dxTjsf] pRr d'No gub] afnL xf] . g]kfndf $) eGbf a9L dWo]kxf8L lhNnfx?df km}lnPsf] 5 .

g]kfnL ;a} vfn] skmL c/]lasf lsl;dsf] af]af]{g / ljlzi6 nIf0f ePsf] ;d'b| ;txb]lv !))) ld= b]lv !^)) ld= ;Ddsf] prfO{df pAh]sf] h}ljs tyf kof{j/0f–d}qL cEof;af6 ;fgf ls;fgn] pTkflbt skmL xf] . k"/} kfs]sf] /ftf] skmL dfq r]/L xftn] l6k] kZrft ;fgf] xft]kNk/ -lunf] k|zf]wg_ df yk cfjZos k|s[of u/L klNkË ul/G5 .  oBkL :jb]zL tyf 3/]n' vktsf] nflu kfs]sf] r]/L l6k]kl5 3fddf ;'sfP/ ;'Vvf k|zf]wg ljlw ckgfO{G5 .

oL skmL ;xL prfO{df ;'xfpFbf] df};ddf c;n df6f]df pAhfP/ km;n x]/rfx;Fu leq\ofPsf] km;n xf] . ljz]if Wofg / ;hutfdf pAhfOg' kg]{ sf/0f ljlzi6 skmL clws d'Nodf ljqmL x'G5 / of] l;w} skmL e'6\g] /f]i6/x? / skmL Jofkf/Lx?af6 v/Lb ug]{ ub{5 . ljlzi6 skmL / "u'/d] skmL" aLr e|ldt x'g'x'Fb}g lsgsL u'/d] skmLsf] s'g} u'0f:t/ dfkb08df /xg' kb{}g . ljlzi6 skmLsf] nflu of]Uo x'gsf nflu k|dfl0ft skmL :jfbs -So" u|]8/_ n] u|]l8Ë ug'{ k5{{ h'g g]kfn skmL pTkfbs ;+3 -Pgl;lkP_ n] ahfl/s/0f ug{ rfx]sf] ;xL u'0f:t/sf] xf] .

jlzi6 skmL – g]kfnL skmLn] k|fKt u/]sf] So" u|]8 l;6sf] k|fKtfÍ

ljlzi6tfsf] k|fKtfÍ u|]8                     5÷5}g

()–!))M pTs[i6                               5

*%–*(M pQd                                  5

*)–*$=((M w]/} /fd|f]                          5

*) eGbf sdM u|]8 /lxt                        5}g

g]kfnL ljlzi6 skmLn] cd]l/sL ljlzi6 skmL ;+3af6 dfGotf k|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 So"–u|]8/x?af6 nfO{;]G; k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ / pgLx? g]kfnL skmLsf] Ifdtfdf ljZjf; u5{g\ .

g]kfn "t];|f] nx/" lt/ cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 h'g skmL hflgkmsf/x?n] g]kfnL skmL bfgfn] ljlrqsf] pTklQ b]lv :yfgLo lxK:6/ Sofkm]df ;d]t ofqf to u/]sf] 5 . klxnf] nx/ skmL sDkgLx?n] k]osf] nflu 7"nf] skmL ahf/ l;h{gf ug{ ;+rflnt lyof] . pgLx?n] ljZje/sf dflg;x?sf] efG;fdf w'nf] skmLsf] EofSo'd Sofg / tof/L skmLsf l8Aafx? km}nfpg ;kmn eP . 

bf];|f] nx/n] skmL–tof/L snfsf] ;fy} clåtLo lsl;d, :jfb / jf:gfdf skmL k|j4{g eof] . h'g a]nf :6f/aS;n] ljlzi6 skmLsf] Jofkf/af6 cfˆgf] Joj;fo z'? u–of], ToxL ;do g} skmLsf] t];|f] nx/sf] z'?jftsf] k|lts xf] .  t];|f] nx/ nlIft ahf/df pRr d'Nosf] ljlzi6 skmL lgof{t u/L nfe p7fpg :jtGq Sofkm] / /f]i6/åf/f k|e'Tj 5 . skmL l8n/x?df ;dk{0f / hf]zhfFu/ pRr u'0f:t/sf] skmL pTkfbg ug{ / O{GhfOd]l6s ;'uGwdf dxTjk"0f{ ;'wf/df s]Gb|Lt /x]sf 5g\ . logLx?n] pRr k|ltkmnsf] nflu km;n, k|zf]wg, eG8f/0f, ;xL l6kfO{, k"j{–5gf}6, 5gf}6, ls0jLs/0f tyf ;'sfO{ sfo{df cem a9L x]/rf/sf] cfzf /fVb5 .

g]kfnL skmL ;d'b| ;txaf6 pRr prfO{df e"uf]nsf] ss{6 / ds/ k]6L -cIff+z @#) eGbf k/_ af6 6f9f pAhfPsf] x'gfn] o;sf] ljlzi6 :jfb ;'uGw / bfgfsf] cfsf/sf] ePsf] x'gfn] of] ljlzi6 skmL dflgG5 . g]kfndf pTkflbt skmL h}ljs tyf :jR5–Jofkf/ k|dfl0ft ePsf]n] ;lhn};Fu ljlzi6 cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df ljlzi6 skmLsf] ?kdf :jLsf/ ul/G5 .

skmLsf] Jofj;flos ?kdf b]zsf] w]/} efux?df pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 . tfklg g]kfnsf] dWo] kxf8L If]qdf c/]lasf skmLsf] h}ljs skmL pTkfbgsf nflu hnjfo', e"efu, df6f], ;fk]lIfs cfb|{tf, tfkdfg tyf jiff{ pko'Qm 5 . s]xL lhNnfx? h:t}, u'NdL, kfNkf, c3f{vfFrL, nlntk'/, tgx'F, sfe|], l;Gw'kfNrf]s, ndh'Ë, sfZsL, uf]/vf, :of+Uhf, kj{t tyf afun'Ëdf ;kmntfk"j{s skmL pAhfOPsf] tyf skmL bfgf pTkfbg u/]sf] 5 eg] o;sf] lj:tf/} a[l4 e}/x]sf] 5 . o;n] kSs} pTkfbg k|s[ofdf ljljlws/0f ug{ d2t ub{5 eg] skmL ls;fgx?sf ;fy} o; pBddf ;+nUg cGo skmL k|zf]wg tyf ahfl/s/0f ug]{ JoQmLx?sf] cfodf a[l4 x'g]5 .

g]kfnL skmL lgof{tstf{x?n] ;fdgf u/sf k|d'v ;d:ofx?

g]kfndf skmL pTkfbg / lgof{t a9\bf] qmddf 5 t/ b]zsf] skmL pTkfbg tyf lgof{tsf] ;Defjgfsf] cem} cGj]if0f ePsf] 5}g . g]kfnL skmLsf] lgof{tsf] k"0f{ IfdtfnfO{ ;fsf/ kfg{sf nflu lgDgfg';f/sf s]xL ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg x'g' k5{ M

dfkgsf] cy{Joj:yfsf] sdL M g]kfnL skmLsf] pTkfbsTj / pTkfbgsf] cfotg sd ePsf] sf/0f cl:y/ cfk"lt{ /x]sf] 5 h;sf/0f 7"nf] kl/df0fdf skmL lgof{t ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . o; afx]s k|efjsf/L ;dGjo ;+oGqsf] cefj tyf ;xof]uL ;+:yfx? tyf skmL pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf Jofkf/df ;+nUg ;/f]sf/jfnfx? aLr ;fd"lxs ljsf;df afwf /xL lgof{t kl/df0fdf k|efljt ePsf] 5 .  

cGt/f{li6«o u'0f:t/ tyf u|]l8Ë dfkb08 cg'?k gePsf] M skmLsf] /fli6«o dfkb08 / u|]l8Ë k|0ffnL cGt/f{li6«o u'0f:t/ cg'?k ldNg' k5{ . xfn u|]l8Ë tby{ k|0ffnLsf cfwf/df ul/G5, h:t} pbfx/0fsf] nflu, !$ ld=ld cfsf/sf] skmL bfgf lgsf;Lsf] nflu of]Uo u|]8 dflgG5 eg] !$ ld=ld eGbf ;fgf] skmL u]8f tyf 6'qmf ePsf bfgfx?nfO{ :yfgLo ahf/df ljqmL ul/G5 . To;} u/L g]kfn u'0f:t/ dfkb08 cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] pTs[i6 cEof;df cfwfl/t k|fljlws cfjZostf, u|]l8Ë, Kofs]lhË, a|fl08Ë tyf :oflg6/L / kmfO{6f]:oflg6/L ;Ddlt cg'?k gePsf] tyf sL6gfzsx?sf] clwstd cjlzi6 ;Ldf -Pdcf/Pn_ sf] sf/0f ljZj ahf/df kx'Frsf] nflu afws ag]sf] 5 . o; afx]s b]zleq cGt/f{l6«o dfGotfk|fKt u'0f:t/ k/LIf0fsf k|of]uzfnfsf] cg'knAwtfsf sf/0f lgof{tstf{x?sf] nflu j:t'sf] nfut a9]sf] 5 .

km;n kZrftsf] Joj:yfkgM ufpF tyf lhNnfsf ;+sng s]Gb|x?df ;Lldt / k/fDk/fut e08f/0f tyf u|]l8Ë k|0ffnLn] b]zsf ljleGg efux?af6 ;+slnt skmLsf] u'0f:t/df Ps?ktf gx'g] x'G5 . cfw'lgs ljlw tyf k/LIf0f pks/0f jf ld6/sf] cefjsf sf/0f skmLsf] af]qmfdf kfgLsf] dfqf hfFr tyf lgoGq0f ug{ ;d:of 5g\ . xfn ls;fgx? kfgLsf] dfqf k/LIf0f ug{ bfFtn] 6f]s]/ bfgf 6'qmf ug]{ k/Dk/fut ljlwsf] pkof]u u/L hfFRg] u5{g\ . skmL pTkfbgdf kfgLsf] dfqf Plsg ug{ g;s] ha clGtd pkef]Qmf;Dd k'Ubf skmL j:t'sf] u'0f:t/df lu/fj6 cfpg] ;Defjgf x'G5 .  To;} u/L sd cfotgsf] skmL r]/Lsf] ;+sng tyf pTkflbt xl/of] bfgfsf] pTkfbg cg';f/sf] ;'xfpFbf] 9'jfgLsf] ;fwgsf] Joj:yf ug{ sl7gfO{x? 5g\ .

cg'lrt ahf/ cEof;x? M g]kfndf xl/of] skmL bfgf l5d]sL b]zx?af6 cfoft e} g]kfnL h}ljs skmL;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug{ / 3';k}7 x'g] pRr hf]lvd 5 . o; sf/0f :oflg6/L / kmfO{6f]:oflg6/L -P;kLP;_ sf k|fjwfgx? ;Vt t/Lsfaf6 nfu" ug{ cfjZos 5 . o; afx]s, oxfF rln/x]sf] ahf/ ;+oGqdf s]xL gofF Jofkf/Lx?n] u/]sf] cg'lrt k|lt:kwf{sf sf/0f ahf/ ljs[lt cfPsf] 5 .

ahf/ k|j4{g / a|fl08Ë M g]kfnL skmLdf cfw'lgs KoflsË, a|fl08Ë, 6]«8dfs{ tyf ahf/ k|j4{gsf ;'ljwfx?sf] cefj 5 h;n] ljZj ahf/df g]kfnL skmLsf] 5ljdf lu/fj6 NofpF5 . g]kfnL skmLsf] ahf/ k|j4{g tyf a|fl08Ë sfo{qmdsf] cefj 5 ­t;y{ oxfF :yfgLo ahf/Ls/0f tyf cGt/f{li6«o ahfl/s/0f -afXo qm]tfx?;Fusf] ;DaGw :yflkt ug'{_ aLrsf] leGgtf 5'6\ofpg' h?/L 5 . o; afx]s, oxfF skmLsf] plrt ahfl/s/0f / k|j4{g k|0ffnLsf] 1fgsf] cefj 5, tyf skmL ls;fgx? / Jofkf/Lx?sf dfem skmLsf] ahf/ ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; cem} ePsf] 5}g . 

[1] k|lt emf]nfsf] tf}n ^) s]hL

[2] https://www.comunicaffe.com/the-eu-imported-50-million-bags-of-coffee-worth-e7-5b-in-2019-reports-eurostat/